Peripheral vascular disease

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Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), commonly referred to as peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and rarely referred to as peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD), refers to the obstruction of large arteries not within the coronary or aortic arch vasculature. PVD can result from atherosclerosis, inflammatory processes leading to stenosis, an embolism, or thrombus formation. It causes either acute or chronic ischemia (lack of blood supply). Often PAD is a term used to refer to atheresclortic blockages found in the lower extremity.

PVD also includes a subset of diseases classified as microvascular diseases resulting from episodal narrowing of the arteries (Raynaud’s phenomenon), or widening thereof (erythromelalgia), i.e. vascular spasms.